| Duration: 5-8 Hours | |
| Schedule: Online | |
| Level: Beginner | |
| Rs: 0 |
Objectives
To understand topics such as auxiliary power requirements and performing sizing calculations for the battery backup of essential DC power supply
To know the requirements for site preparation, foundations, structures, cable trenches and draining arrangements to effectively coordinate with design teams of related disciplines
To understand the designing of substation earthing to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment under all conditions, and designing appropriate protection against the direct and indirect effects of lightning strikes on substations and the incoming and outgoing overhead lines.
Topics covered are
Touch and step voltages in substations
Design of earth grid-basic considerations in conductor sizing and mesh spacing
Safety mesh at operating points
Role of gravel layer in safety
Transferred voltage hazards and planning isolation of outgoing services to avoid transfer voltage
Based on the layout and data of a given HV switchyard:
Perform earthing calculations including sizing of earthing conductors
Calculate the earth mesh size for the switchyard
Develop a layout for the mesh and show the other connections required to avoid transferred voltages
Show the size of safety mesh to be provided and the operating points on the layout
Draw up the installation specification for the earthing system
Basics of lightning and hazards
Role of shield wire and lightning masts
Typical configurations of lightning protection of switchyards
Analysis of hazard using a cone of protection and rolling sphere methods
Selection of lightning arrestors-types, class and ratings
Design the lightning protection of a typical HV switchyard based on a given layout and analyze the adequacy of protection
Locate and select surge protection (lightning arrestors) of the above HV switchyard
Brief overview of protection
Over-current protection
Current transformers requirements for protection
Protection relays
IEDs and communication options
Protection coordination
Based on the data/SLD for a typical MV substation work out:
Suggested protective devices for over current and earth fault
Suggested settings
Select the specifications of CT and VT
Checking of CT burden
Protection coordination checking
Explore the substation automation system using IEDs provided for protection
Prepare an ordering specification
Protection of transformers
Busbar protection
Feeder protection
Equipment requirements for substation automation
PLCC applications in protection and communication
PLCC hardware and integrating them with the switchyard equipment
Using the data/SLD of a typical HV outdoor switchyard, work out the following:
Suggested protection schemes for all the feeders of the switchyard, its busbars, and transformers
Explore the use of PLCC for line protection and communication
Prepare an ordering specification for protection equipment
DC power requirements for switchyard equipment
DC equipment configuration and specifications
DC distribution for switchyard equipment
Battery calculations basis
Space planning and related facilities for a battery installation
AC auxiliary power for switchyard systems-loads which require AC power
Possible source options
AC auxiliary distribution for switchyard equipment and support systems
Control scheme of disconnectors and circuit breakers
Control interconnection approach
Use of optical fiber-based control scheme
Role and location of marshaling kiosks in different bays
Based on the data of typical substation with both HV and MV switchgear, work out the following:
DC auxiliary requirements
Battery sizing calculation
DC auxiliary equipment and their ratings
DC distribution SLD
Layout of DC equipment
AC auxiliary power requirement
Sources and rating
AC auxiliary system SLD
Layout of auxiliary switchgear
Interconnections of AC and DC auxiliary power and switchyard controls
Site preparation, leveling
Earth resistivity measurement and its role in design verification
Civil works such as equipment foundations, cable trenches, control building, storm drains, transformer oil collection pit
Structures and their design requirements
Substation fence and physical security
Surveillance
Planning water requirements and supply arrangement
Fire protection, lighting, and ventilation of control room and other equipment
HV gas-insulated substation-an alternative to outdoor HV switchyards
SF6 properties, advantages, and environmental impact
Typical substation configurations in SF6
Indoor/outdoor options
Gas safety considerations
Equipment for handling SF6
SF6 substation layout planning and earthing considerations
Cable terminations to SF6 equipment